A Dynamic Modeling Approach to Predict Water Inflow during Karst Tunnel Excavation
نویسندگان
چکیده
During tunnel construction in strongly developed karst terrain, water inrush hazards often occur due to the complex hydrogeological conditions, which require accurate prediction of inflow. In this study, a dynamic modeling approach for inflow tunnels using conduit flow process (CFP) is that considers both duality and changing boundary conditions tunnel. The CFP model has good agreement with field-observed hydraulic head after calibration, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) 97.3%. Numerical calculation was conducted successive drilling scenario permeability change surrounding rocks. Additionally, modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water (MODFLOW) been applied predict inflow, comparison model. results obtained from are generally close results; percentage errors were 13.3% 5.4%, respectively. For MODFLOW model, 34.2% 36.8%, proposed closer reality more reasonable than predictive analysis into tunnels, reflecting influence conduits on process.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Water
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2073-4441']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152380